THE JAPANESE MIRACLE AND THE CHALLENGE PERU
Quineche
Daniel Meza
In 1945 Japan's per capita income was $ 20, and for the year 1956, and had regained pre-war level of $ 300. In 1970 is already 1.800 and in 1984 reached levels similar to that of the USA 11.210. In 1990 is 21.000 and in 2005 amounted to 31.267 per year. How was it possible that in just 45 years exceeded the country's most industrialized and richest in the world?
In Japan, in 1938 only 5 percent of its population reached professional levels and 50 percent for finished secondary studies. These are, of course, data that alone justifies the Japanese miracle. What is surprising is that in the past 40 years, 60 percent of its population reaches a professional level studies and 90 percent complete high school, compared to figures U.S. A. where only 74 percent manage to finish high school then you can talk that the Japanese have a progressive culture and constantly evolving.
If the USA does not change its education and continues to develop as it is currently doing, Japan will reach levels in 70 years. Germany would make it 100 years and France in 200 years.
Peru with an educational level of 7.0 years of primary education is an immeasurable distance, unless they radically change their goals and how to achieve them.
The challenge is to raise the educational level of the population. Ie, promote educational development by increasing population enrollment (growth) and promoting the upward mobility of those enrolled in education (qualification).
enrollment growth implies:
- Changing the culture of parenting.
- Commitment of parents to enroll their children early and educator support.
- retention of those enrolled in education.
- Recovery of people who left the education system at some point.
- Increased confidence in the educational service that is provided.
The increase of the qualification involves:
- Clear paths
training - Developing appropriate curriculum, consistent and relevant
- Teachers committed and trained
- Education Management efficiently and effectively.
- appropriate pathways between the education system and other systems of society, particularly the production system.
- constant increase education spending.
- Periodic evaluation of goals.
These are some of the decisions that have to be taken in the short term by both the central government as regional and local governments.
